Tartar

Also called dental calculus, tartar is hardened plaque that forms when minerals from saliva combine with bacterial deposits left on the teeth. Tartar typically develops within 48 to 72 hours if plaque is not removed by brushing and flossing. It commonly builds up along the gumline and between teeth, creating a rough surface that attracts even more plaque. Unlike soft plaque, tartar bonds tightly to tooth enamel and can only be removed during a professional teeth cleaning using specialized instruments called scalers. Left untreated, tartar buildup leads to gum irritation, gingivitis, and eventually periodontal disease.